Vetnews October 2024: Canine C-reactive protein in the 21st Century: Where are we now and where are we going?

Introduction

The acute phase response (APR) represents a reflex response to inflammation. Inflammation can be a result of infection, neoplasia as well as trauma. It comprises a series of sequential biochemical reactions resulting in the production of acute phase proteins (APP). This review article places focus on C-reactive protein (CRP) as a clinically relevant acute phase protein which forms the bedrock of acute phase reagents. The detection and quantification of CRP with sound interpretation provide valuable real-time information regarding the clinical state of the patient. In canines CRP is the major APP, with the most diagnostic relevance, likely the result of extrapolation from what is already known about CRP in humans. C-reactive protein assays are becoming well-established, reliable and routine tests run daily in veterinary practices worldwide. The broad application of C-reactive protein for differing indications can be confusing and can threaten to overwhelm the practising veterinarian.